In abandoned tent sites, or abandoned winter dwellings, once they thawed out, it might expose an area where there had been some blubber that had gone rancid. By adding Arctic willow to the remains of this rancid blubber [puja] we could chew it as if it were gum. If you took the rancid blubber that we had made into a gum, then added rendered oil, the colour would turn white like the colour of caribou back fat. And if there were berries, then you could add them to make a pudding. If you add Arctic willow, it will no longer be sticky when you are chewing it. It is sticky when the rancid oil is not mixed with anything. That way you would make a gum, after you had the gum, then the gum that we were chewing would be mixed with oil, the dish would get large after you had added berries, that was the way we did it. It may not be appealing; nevertheless, we used to eat it http://nbes.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/CommonPlants_Oct12-1.pdf